Shot peening is a critical process for enhancing the toughness of metal surfaces. A shot peening machine utilizes high-velocity particles to bombard the workpiece's surface. This process creates a series of residual tensions within the metal, which significantly improve its resistance to cracking. The result is a more durable component capable of w

Material fatigue fracture is a pervasive challenge in numerous engineering applications. To combat this issue, researchers are actively exploring innovative material designs that can significantly extend the fatigue life of components. These advancements often involve leveraging novel materials with enhanced structural properties or implementing so